{"id":9210,"date":"2022-07-12T04:45:22","date_gmt":"2022-07-12T04:45:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/?p=9210"},"modified":"2022-07-12T04:45:23","modified_gmt":"2022-07-12T04:45:23","slug":"are-we-in-a-recession-depends-on-how-you-define-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/are-we-in-a-recession-depends-on-how-you-define-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Are We in a Recession? Depends on How You Define It…"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

U.S. GDP contracted at an annual rate of -1.6% in Q1 2022, and according to the latest GDPNow estimates from the Atlanta Fed, the economy contracted another -2.1% in Q2. The Atlanta Fed\u2019s GDPNow tool is not known for precise accuracy, but all signs point to two consecutive quarters of negative growth \u2013 the technical definition of a recession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If this data holds up and hindsight confirms a recession in the first half of 2022, it would be vastly different from the past 12 recessions the country has experienced since World War II. In every postwar recession, economic output fell while unemployment went up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But that\u2019s not what is happening now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the past six months, the unemployment rate has fallen<\/em> from 4% to 3.6%, and demand for workers in the private sector remains strong. There is a good argument that the jobs market today is more robust than it was before the pandemic. In the years before the Covid-19 outbreak \u2013 when the economy was largely considered to be in great shape \u2013 there were an average of 1.7 million Americans collecting federal unemployment benefits. Today, that figure stands at 1.3 million. For context, during the 2008 Financial Crisis, there were over 6.5 million unemployed Americans receiving benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The decline in output appears to be tied to households and businesses altering spending and investing plans based on shifting supply, demand, and price dynamics. Companies are struggling to manage inventories while consumers are grappling with rising prices. But it\u2019s also true that households are experiencing gainful employment and higher wages, while businesses overall want to retain or hire employees \u2013 not fire them. There have been over 10 million open jobs in the U.S. every month of 2022, which is nearly double the number of typical job openings in years before the pandemic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Household finances also remain historically strong. At the end of Q1 2022, Federal Reserve data shows households had $18.5 trillion in cash in checking accounts, savings accounts, and money market funds. Before the pandemic, that figure was $13.3 trillion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banks are also not showing any signs of duress. The latest round of Fed \u2018stress tests\u2019 found that banks could easily handle the unemployment rate soaring to 10% and a collapse in the stock market and commercial real estate that would wipe out over $600 billion. Even with those unlikely shocks, banks would have capital ratios of 9.7%, which is over double the 4.5% required by law. An upward sloping yield curve also suggests that banks can lend profitably in the current environment:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis2<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In my view, a technical recession in the first half of 2022 should not be taken as a sign that the economy is collapsing. Inflation pressures have certainly introduced headwinds that are altering consumer behavior and fundamentally slowing growth trends. But there are also major adjustments happening at the business and fiscal level that have muddied the GDP calculation but do not necessarily signal plummeting demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Q1, for instance, surging imports subtracted from the GDP print even though many businesses were importing more goods in response to strong consumer demand. The overlooked metric is total trade, which went up solidly in Q1 with imports rising 11.5% and exports rising 7.2%. Inventories were also a major drag in Q1, as businesses stocked up in Q4 and pulled back substantially in Q1. And finally, as expected, government spending fell at a -2.7% annualized pace in Q1, which subtracted -0.48% from the headline GDP figure. These are not the types of fundamentals that worry me about the economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bottom Line for Investors<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historically, recessions are best characterized by a marked decline in production and output, a rupture in the credit markets and household finances, and a significant amount of job loss. So far, we\u2019re only seeing one of these conditions (decline in output), which I think is more tied to the ongoing pandemic and war-related adjustments in business and consumer behavior \u2013 not to a systemic crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To be fair, U.S. consumers started to pull back in Q2, which is a metric that should be watched closely going forward. Rising producer prices could also start to squeeze historically high corporate profit margins in the second half, which is where we might start to see more hiring freezes or even layoffs. These are the fundamentals to watch going forward, but I think the setup is tilted far in favor of experiencing a positive surprise, not a negative one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The economy has slowed down, but some key recession features are missing, like high unemployment, bank stress and weak household finances <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[181,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-financial-professionals","category-mitch-on-the-markets"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9210"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9213,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9210\/revisions\/9213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zacksim.com\/financial-professionals-insights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}