Private Client Group

June 2nd, 2025

Court Delivers Tariff Setback, Survey on U.S. Household Finances, Fed’s Cautious Stance

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In this week’s Steady Investor, we unpack timely headlines and market indicators that could shape your next financial move—such as:

Federal Trade Court Delivers Setback to U.S. Tariff Policy – A federal trade court issued a landmark decision on Wednesday limiting the executive branch’s ability to impose broad-based tariffs under the “International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA).” The IEEPAA is a law typically used to target foreign assets in times of national emergency, which the court ruled does not apply to trade deficits. The court stated that trade deficits and economic imbalances do not meet the threshold of “unusual and extraordinary threats” as defined in the statute, concluding that the use of IEEPA in this context overstepped constitutional boundaries by effectively granting unchecked tariff-setting powers to President Trump. While the immediate market reaction was positive—equity futures rallied on the news—the broader impact of the ruling could be significant. If upheld, it may force future administrations to rely on either Congress or more narrowly defined trade laws, such as Section 301 of the Trade Act, to justify tariff measures. It also introduces greater legal scrutiny to the use of emergency powers in economic policy, potentially curbing the scope of unilateral trade actions in the years ahead.

For investors, the outcome reinforces the value of monitoring not just economic indicators but also the legal and institutional frameworks that underpin trade and fiscal policy. In cases like this one, the worst outcome of punitive tariffs on all trading partners may not be realized for legal reasons.1

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Fed Survey Shows How Most American Households are Doing Financially – Despite persistent concerns about inflation and economic direction, most Americans reported financial stability at the end of 2024, according to the Federal Reserve’s latest Survey of Household Economics and Decision-making (SHED). Roughly 73% of U.S. adults said they were “doing okay or living comfortably” financially, which was unchanged from 2023 but still below pre-pandemic highs.While overall economic sentiment remains muted, we’re starting to see signs of incremental improvement. The share of adults describing the economy as “good” or “excellent” rose to 29%, up from 22% the previous year, although well below the 50% who felt that way in 2019. Meanwhile, the percentage of people who felt worse off than the year before declined to 29%, continuing a two-year downtrend from a peak of 35% in 2022.Most Americans are still feeling the pinch of inflation, particularly when it comes to food, groceries, and housing. Just 63% said they could cover a $400 emergency expense with cash or its equivalent—a figure consistent with prior years but still highlighting the vulnerability of many households. Rent inflation remains a key pain point, with median rents up roughly 10% annually since 2022.

Taken together, the report paints a picture of a consumer base that is financially intact but psychologically cautious. From an investment standpoint, this disconnect between relatively healthy fundamentals and muted public sentiment suggests a meaningful opportunity: if reality continues to surprise expectations to the upside, there may be more resilience in both the economy and markets than widely assumed.3

Fed Minutes Show Cautious Stance in Light of Tariff Risks – Minutes from the Federal Reserve’s May meeting revealed a cautious tone among policymakers, driven by concerns that recent shifts in trade and fiscal policy—particularly tariffs—could reaccelerate inflation. While economic growth was described as “solid” and the labor market “broadly in balance,” officials acknowledged a growing risk that inflation could persist even as employment and output soften.

This potential mismatch—higher prices alongside slowing demand—would force the Fed into a difficult balancing act. Policymakers noted that such tradeoffs could complicate progress toward their dual mandate of stable prices and full employment. As a result, the Fed reiterated its intention to wait for greater clarity before lowering rates further. For investors, it’s clear the Fed remains in wait-and-see mode, and any future rate decisions will hinge not only on economic fundamentals but also on the evolving policy landscape. Markets expecting near-term cuts may need to recalibrate, as the central bank appears willing to stay patient in the face of uncertainty.4

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Disclosure

1 Wall Street Journal. May 29, 2025. https://www.wsj.com/politics/policy/trade-court-strikes-down-trumps-liberation-day-tariffs-9befa448?mod=djemMoneyBeat_us

2 Zacks Investment Management reserves the right to amend the terms or rescind the free Adaptive Advantage for Your Successful Retirement offer at any time and for any reason at its discretion.

3 Financial Advisor. May 28, 2025. https://www.fa-mag.com/news/about-73--of-americans-do-at-least-ok-financially-in-fed-survey-82671.html

4 CNBC. May 28, 2025. https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/28/fed-warns-it-could-face-difficult-tradeoffs-if-tariffs-reaggravate-inflation-.html

5 Zacks Investment Management reserves the right to amend the terms or rescind the free Adaptive Advantage for Your Successful Retirement offer at any time and for any reason at its discretion.

DISCLOSURE

Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Inherent in any investment is the potential for loss.

Zacks Investment Management, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Zacks Investment Research. Zacks Investment Management is an independent Registered Investment Advisory firm and acts as an investment manager for individuals and institutions. Zacks Investment Research is a provider of earnings data and other financial data to institutions and to individuals.

This material is being provided for informational purposes only and nothing herein constitutes investment, legal, accounting or tax advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold a security. Do not act or rely upon the information and advice given in this publication without seeking the services of competent and professional legal, tax, or accounting counsel. Publication and distribution of this article is not intended to create, and the information contained herein does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment or strategy is suitable for a particular investor. It should not be assumed that any investments in securities, companies, sectors or markets identified and described were or will be profitable. All information is current as of the date of herein and is subject to change without notice. Any views or opinions expressed may not reflect those of the firm as a whole.

Any projections, targets, or estimates in this report are forward looking statements and are based on the firm’s research, analysis, and assumptions. Due to rapidly changing market conditions and the complexity of investment decisions, supplemental information and other sources may be required to make informed investment decisions based on your individual investment objectives and suitability specifications. All expressions of opinions are subject to change without notice. Clients should seek financial advice regarding the appropriateness of investing in any security or investment strategy discussed in this presentation.

Certain economic and market information contained herein has been obtained from published sources prepared by other parties. Zacks Investment Management does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of such information. Further, no third party has assumed responsibility for independently verifying the information contained herein and accordingly no such persons make any representations with respect to the accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of the information provided herein. Unless otherwise indicated, market analysis and conclusions are based upon opinions or assumptions that Zacks Investment Management considers to be reasonable.

Any investment inherently involves a high degree of risk, beyond any specific risks discussed herein.

It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Investors pursuing a strategy similar to an index may experience higher or lower returns, which will be reduced by fees and expenses.

The ICE U.S. Dollar Index measures the value of the U.S. Dollar against a basket of currencies of the top six trading partners of the United States, as measured in 1973: the Euro zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, Canada, Sweden, and Switzerland. An investor cannot directly invest in an index. The volatility of the benchmark may be materially different from the individual performance obtained by a specific investor.
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